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Streamable HTTP 传输

Streamable HTTP 传输提供了一种灵活的方式来连接远程 MCP 服务器。它通常基于 HTTP 构建,并可支持多种通信模式,包括请求-响应和流式传输;在更广泛的 HTTP 交互中,有时还会使用 Server-Sent Events(SSE)进行服务器到客户端的数据流传输。

  • 远程服务器:适用于托管在远程的 MCP 服务器。
  • 灵活性:相较于纯 SSE,它可以支持更复杂的交互模式;如果服务器实现了双向通信,也可以支持潜在的双向交互。
  • MCPServerAdapter 配置:你需要提供用于 MCP 通信的服务器基础 URL,并将传输类型指定为 "streamable-http"

你有两种主要方式管理与 Streamable HTTP MCP 服务器的连接生命周期:

推荐使用 Python 上下文管理器(with 语句),它会自动处理连接的建立与拆除。

from crewai import Agent, Task, Crew, Process
from crewai_tools import MCPServerAdapter
server_params = {
"url": "http://localhost:8001/mcp", # Replace with your actual Streamable HTTP server URL
"transport": "streamable-http"
}
try:
with MCPServerAdapter(server_params) as tools:
print(f"Available tools from Streamable HTTP MCP server: {[tool.name for tool in tools]}")
http_agent = Agent(
role="HTTP Service Integrator",
goal="Utilize tools from a remote MCP server via Streamable HTTP.",
backstory="An AI agent adept at interacting with complex web services.",
tools=tools,
verbose=True,
)
http_task = Task(
description="Perform a complex data query using a tool from the Streamable HTTP server.",
expected_output="The result of the complex data query.",
agent=http_agent,
)
http_crew = Crew(
agents=[http_agent],
tasks=[http_task],
verbose=True,
process=Process.sequential
)
result = http_crew.kickoff()
print("\nCrew Task Result (Streamable HTTP - Managed):\n", result)
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error connecting to or using Streamable HTTP MCP server (Managed): {e}")
print("Ensure the Streamable HTTP MCP server is running and accessible at the specified URL.")

注意:"http://localhost:8001/mcp" 替换为你实际的 Streamable HTTP MCP 服务器 URL。

对于需要更明确控制的场景,你可以手动管理 MCPServerAdapter 连接。

from crewai import Agent, Task, Crew, Process
from crewai_tools import MCPServerAdapter
server_params = {
"url": "http://localhost:8001/mcp", # Replace with your actual Streamable HTTP server URL
"transport": "streamable-http"
}
mcp_server_adapter = None
try:
mcp_server_adapter = MCPServerAdapter(server_params)
mcp_server_adapter.start()
tools = mcp_server_adapter.tools
print(f"Available tools (manual Streamable HTTP): {[tool.name for tool in tools]}")
manual_http_agent = Agent(
role="Advanced Web Service User",
goal="Interact with an MCP server using manually managed Streamable HTTP connections.",
backstory="An AI specialist in fine-tuning HTTP-based service integrations.",
tools=tools,
verbose=True
)
data_processing_task = Task(
description="Submit data for processing and retrieve results via Streamable HTTP.",
expected_output="Processed data or confirmation.",
agent=manual_http_agent
)
data_crew = Crew(
agents=[manual_http_agent],
tasks=[data_processing_task],
verbose=True,
process=Process.sequential
)
result = data_crew.kickoff()
print("\nCrew Task Result (Streamable HTTP - Manual):\n", result)
except Exception as e:
print(f"An error occurred during manual Streamable HTTP MCP integration: {e}")
print("Ensure the Streamable HTTP MCP server is running and accessible.")
finally:
if mcp_server_adapter and mcp_server_adapter.is_connected:
print("Stopping Streamable HTTP MCP server connection (manual)...")
mcp_server_adapter.stop() # **Crucial: Ensure stop is called**
elif mcp_server_adapter:
print("Streamable HTTP MCP server adapter was not connected. No stop needed or start failed.")

在使用 Streamable HTTP 传输时,应遵循一般的 Web 安全最佳实践:

  • 使用 HTTPS:远程 MCP 服务器 URL 应始终优先使用 HTTPS(HTTP Secure),以加密传输中的数据。
  • 身份验证:如果 MCP 服务器暴露敏感工具或数据,请实现稳健的身份验证机制。
  • 输入验证:确保你的 MCP 服务器会验证所有传入请求和参数。

有关保护 MCP 集成的完整指南,请参阅我们的 安全注意事项 页面以及官方 MCP Transport Security 文档